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The EDHEC Foundations of Quantum Mechanics Research Programme

Quantum technologies are advancing rapidly, creating a growing need to understand not only how they work, but what the underlying theory says about physical possibilities, measurement and time. The programme addresses this challenge through two complementary research streams: one seeks to reclaim the quantum narrative through a theory of potentiality; the other investigates time in quantum mechanics, from the timing of quantum events to the temporal performance of quantum technologies.

Why quantum foundations matter

Quantum technologies are moving from scientific laboratories toward industrial and strategic deployment. Yet the conceptual language used to explain quantum states, measurement and time often remains inaccessible to non-specialists. The Institute’s foundations programme develops rigorous but intelligible frameworks that support quantum literacy, responsible governance and informed engagement with emerging technologies.

Two complementary sub-programmes

#Sub-programme 1 — Reclaiming the Quantum Narrative

What does the quantum state describe before an outcome becomes actual?

A reformulation of quantum mechanics in terms of unresolved complex potentialities, with probabilities emerging when alternatives become observable outcomes.

Quantum mechanics is commonly introduced through Hilbert spaces, operators and calculation rules before explaining what these structures represent. This sub-programme starts instead from familiar notions of uncertainty—possible outcomes, dependence, updating and transitions—and asks how they
must be extended to describe unresolved quantum alternatives.

Its central proposal is to distinguish complex potentialities, which compose linearly before resolution, from the probabilities of actualized outcomes generated through the Born rule. The approach preserves standard quantum predictions while offering a more intuitive account of superposition, entanglement, measurement and decoherence.
 

Explore publications and plain-language explanations.
 

#Sub-programme 2 — Time in Quantum Mechanics

When do quantum events occur, and how should the duration of quantum processes be described?

Research on event-time distributions, measurement protocols, emergent time and technology-facing questions in quantum computing, control, sensing and communication.

Time has a distinctive status in quantum theory. It usually enters as an external parameter, even though many physical questions concern the probability that an event occurs at a particular time. The programme develops operational descriptions of event timing and investigates how temporal order and
duration may be associated with physical records and actualized outcomes. This is also a technology-facing research agenda. Quantum processors, sensors and communication systems are implemented through timed control pulses, measurement schedules and information-
transfer processes. A distributional account of when a target state is reached can reveal differences between physical implementations that are invisible at the level of the compiled unitary or nominal circuit duration, and can inform quantum control, pulse-level benchmarking, measurement design,
scheduling and restart strategies.

The webpage should mention the emerging work on internal time and on the physical resources required to form records, but should not develop either project technically. Their scientific content belongs in the linked paper summaries.

Explore publications on quantum time, measurement and technologies.

How the programmes connect

The two sub-programmes share a common focus on the passage from unresolved alternatives to distinguishable events.
The potentiality programme asks what structure describes alternatives before resolution; the time programme asks when resolution occurs, how it can be measured, and how sequences of recorded events can support temporal order and duration.

Publications

Foundations

Quantum stroboscopy for time measurements

Physical Review Letters, 136, 110201.

Foundations

When Does a Spin Flip? Arrival Time Distributions and Information Propagation in Discrete Quantum Systems

Entropy, 28, 315 (special issue on Time in Quantum Mechanics).

Foundations

Quantum arrival times in free fall

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 3017, 012022.

Foundations

Quantum delay in the time of arrival of free-falling atoms

Physical Review A, 109, 1, 012216.

Discover our other research programmes

Quantum Finance Research
Quantum computing will not replace the models that run global finance overnight, but it will reshape how the hardest problems in risk analysis, portfolio construction, and security pricing are approached. The EDHEC Quantum Institute studies where these technologies can create genuine value in finance and insurance, grounded in EDHEC’s long-standing expertise in quantitative investment and risk management.
The Joint EDHEC/EURECOM Lab
Quantum technologies will reshape how information is collected, secured and transmitted. The EDHEC-EURECOM Quantum Technologies for Information and Communications Initiative studies what that shift means for the security and the performance of communication networks. For organizations, the immediate question is not when a quantum internet arrives, but how to protect data that is being captured today and decrypted later.

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